Female Health Workers Increased Use of Health Services in Hard-to-Reach Rural Area

Female community health extension workers deployed to a remote rural community in northern Nigeria led to major and sustained increases in service utilization, including antenatal care and facility-based deliveries, according to latest research by Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. The research also showed that providing a rural residence allowance in addition to a standard salary helped recruit and retain female workers. Other key components to the program’s success were posting workers in pairs to avoid isolation, ensuring supplies and transportation means for home visits, and allowing workers to perform deliveries. Findings are published in Global Health: Science and Practice.

Northern Nigeria is an area with poor health indicators and a very weak health system. It also has one of the highest maternal and mortality rates in the world, which is compounded by poor governance, management, and accountability.

Following deployment of the female health workers there was more than a 500 percent increase in health post visits compared to the previous year, from approximately1.5 monthly visits per 100 population to 8 monthly visits. Health post visit rates were between 1.4 and 1.5 times higher in the intervention community compared to the control community. These changes were sustained over two subsequent years.

“Our pilot study led to the major improvements in health impacts reported over the course of seven years,” noted Dr. Alastair Ager, professor of Population & Family Health and one of the research team supporting the program over a seven-year period. The grassroots operation undertaken in this environment and described here were key to the progress we are seeing to date.”

The research was supported by the Department for International Development (UK) and the Norwegian Government; Health Partners International, Save the Children, and GRID Consulting.

About Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health

Founded in 1922, Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health pursues an agenda of research, education, and service to address the critical and complex public health issues affecting New Yorkers, the nation and the world. The Mailman School is the third largest recipient of NIH grants among schools of public health. Its over 450 multi-disciplinary faculty members work in more than 100 countries around the world, addressing such issues as preventing infectious and chronic diseases, environmental health, maternal and child health, health policy, climate change & health, and public health preparedness. It is a leader in public health education with over 1,300 graduate students from more than 40 nations pursuing a variety of master’s and doctoral degree programs. The Mailman School is also home to numerous world-renowned research centers including ICAP (formerly the International Center for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs) and the Center for Infection and Immunity. For more information, please visit www.mailman.columbia.edu