Women Diagnosed With Breast Cancer Report Symptoms of PTSD

A study of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer found that 23% reported symptoms consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) shortly after diagnosis, with increased risk among black and Asian women. The paper, “Racial Disparities in Posttraumatic Stress after Diagnosis of Localized Breast Cancer: The BQUAL Study,” is published ahead of print in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

“This study is one of the first to evaluate the course of PTSD after a diagnosis of breast cancer,” said lead author Alfred I. Neugut, MD, PhD, professor of Epidemiology and the Myron M. Studner Professor of Cancer Research at Columbia University’s College of Physicians & Surgeons.

The investigators analyzed interview responses from more than 1,100 women. During the first two to three months after diagnosis, nearly a quarter of them met the criteria for PTSD, although the symptoms declined over the next three months. Younger women were more likely to develop symptoms of PTSD, and data suggest Asian and black women are at a more than 50% higher risk than white women.

The research participants were part of the Breast Cancer Quality of Care Study (BQUAL). Between 2006 and 2010, women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, stages I to III, over the age of 20 were recruited from NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center and Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City; the Henry Ford Health System in Detroit; and Kaiser-Permanente in Northern California. Each participant completed three phone interviews. The first was two to three months after diagnosis and before the third chemotherapy cycle, if the patient was receiving chemotherapy. The second interview was four months after diagnosis, and the third was six months after diagnosis.

“The ultimate outcome of this research is to find ways to improve the quality of patients’ lives,” said Dr. Neugut, who is also an oncologist at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia and a member of the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center. “If we can identify potential risk factors for PTSD, when women are diagnosed with breast cancer, we could provide early prevention and intervention to minimize PTSD symptoms. This approach might also have an indirect impact on the observed racial disparity in breast cancer survival.”

The research team believes that these findings may apply to patients with other cancer diagnoses as well. Dr. Neugut noted that in previous research, symptoms of PTSD have been reported following prostate cancer and lymphoma diagnoses.

Additional contributors are Dawn Hershman, Sandro Galea, Grace Clarke Hillyer, Nicole Leoce, Neomi Vin-Raviv, and Wei-Yann Tsai (Columbia); Dana Bovbjerg (University of Pittsburgh); Lawrence Kushi, and Candyce Kroenke (Kaiser-Permanente); Lois Lamerato (Henry Ford Health System); Christine Ambrosone (Roswell Park Cancer Institute); Heiddis Valdimarsdottir, and Lina Jandorf (Mt. Sinai); and Jeanne Mandelblatt (Georgetown).

The study was supported by the Department of Defense, the National Cancer Institute, Breast Cancer Foundation and Environmental Health Foundation fellowship (grant numbers: NCI R01 (CA100598), NCI R01 (CA124924 and 127617), U10 (CA84131) and KO5 (CA96940).