Veterinary Medicine

Guides and Toolkits

• The Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), One Health Educational Framework
• The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), The Competencies for One Health field epidemiology (COHFE) framework, 2024
• One Health Workforce Academies (OHWA), One Health Workforce Competency Framework and Evaluation Toolkit, 2022
• Planetary Health Alliance, The Planetary Health Education Curriculum, 2021
• European Veterinary Food Safety Teachers, European Catalogue for Teaching Food, Meat and Dairy Hygiene, 2018
• USAID and DAI Global Health, One Health Simulation Toolkit, 2018

Lesson Plan/Modules

• One Health Workforce Academies (OHWA), Climate Science and One Health: Climate Science Foundations

Case Studies

• The Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), One Health Case Studies (video), 2016
• One Health Workforce Academies (OHWA), Case Studies

Climate Curriculum Papers

• Jacobsen, K. H., Marchione, K. A., Faerron Guzmán, C. A., Aguirre, A. A., & Waggett, C. E. (2024). Planetary health education in the United States: Four curricular models, one goal. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2024.2316185
• Villanueva-Cabezas, J. P., Winkel, K. D., Campbell, P. T., Wiethoelter, A., & Pfeiffer, C. (2022). One health education should be early, inclusive, and holistic. The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00018-3
• Cianfagna, M., Bolon, I., Babo Martins, S., Mumford, E., Romanelli, C., Deem, S. L., Pettan-Brewer, C., Figueroa, D., Velásquez, J. C., Stroud, C., Lueddeke, G., Stoll, B., & Ruiz de Castañeda, R. (2021). Biodiversity and human health interlinkages in higher education offerings: A first global overview. Frontiers in Public Health, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.637901
• Guzmán, C. A., Aguirre, A. A., Astle, B., Barros, E., Bayles, B., Chimbari, M., El-Abbadi, N., Evert, J., Hackett, F., Howard, C., Jennings, J., Krzyzek, A., LeClair, J., Maric, F., Martin, O., Osano, O., Patz, J., Potter, T., Redvers, N., … Zylstra, M. (2021). A framework to guide planetary health education. The Lancet Planetary Health, 5(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/s2542-5196(21)00110-8
• Seguino, A., Braun, P. G., Del-Pozo, J., Soare, C., Houf, K., & Baillie, S. (2021). Evaluation of a harmonized undergraduate catalog for Veterinary Public Health and Food Hygiene Pedagogy in Europe. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2021-0061
• Larsen, R. J. (2020). Shared curricula and competencies in one health and Health Professions Education. Medical Science Educator, 31(1), 249–252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-020-01140-7
• Kramer, C. G., McCaw, K. A., Zarestky, J., & Duncan, C. G. (2020). Veterinarians in a changing global climate: Educational disconnect and a path forward. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.613620
• Wilkes, M. S., Conrad, P. A., & Winer, J. N. (2019). One health–one education: Medical and veterinary inter-professional training. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 46(1), 14–20. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.1116-171r
• Mor, S. M., Norris, J. M., Bosward, K. L., Toribio, J.-A. L. M. L., Ward, M. P., Gongora, J., Vost, M., Higgins, P. C., McGreevy, P. D., White, P. J., & Zaki, S. (2018). One health in our backyard: Design and evaluation of an experiential learning experience for veterinary medical students. One Health, 5, 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2018.05.001
• Amuguni, H. J., Mazan, M., & Kibuuka, R. (2017). Producing interdisciplinary competent professionals: Integrating one health core competencies into the veterinary curriculum at the University of Rwanda. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 44(4), 649–659. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0815-133r
• McConnell, I. (2014). One health in the context of medical and veterinary education. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 33(2), 651–657. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.33.2.2304
• Chaddock, M. (2012). Academic Veterinary Medicine and one health education: It is more than clinical applications. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 39(3), 241–246. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0612-062
• Aguirre, A. A. (2009). Essential Veterinary Education in Zoological and wildlife medicine: A global perspective. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 28(2), 605–610. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.28.2.1901
• Aguirre, A. A., & Gomez, A. (2009). Essential Veterinary Education in conservation medicine and ecosystem health: A global perspective. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 28(2), 597–603. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.28.2.1902
• Herrmann, J. A., Johnson, Y. J., Troutt, H. F., & Prudhomme, T. (2009). A public-policy practicum to address current issues in human, animal, and Ecosystem Health. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education, 36(4), 397–402. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme.36.4.397
• Swan, G. E., Coetzer, J. A. W., & Terblanche, H. M. (2009). Integrating global animal health, public health and tropical animal health issues into the veterinary curriculum: A South African/African perspective. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 28(2), 727–738. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.28.2.1916

Books

• Slack, V, Nadal D, Yasobant S, Cliquet F, Ahmad W, Pushpakumara, Ghosh S. One Health for Dog-mediated Rabies Elimination in Asia: A Collection of Local Experiences. CABI; 2023. (ISBN: 9781800622951)
• Rebecca Jone and Andrea Jefferey. One Health for Veterinary Nurses and Technicians. CABI; 2023. (ISBN: 9781789249453)
• Duncan, C., Stephen, C. Climate Change and Animal Health. CRC Press; 2023. (ISBN: 9781000773859)
• Mehlhorn H, Heukelbach J. Infectious Tropical Diseases and One Health in Latin America. Springer Publishing; 2022. (ISBN: 9783030997113)
• Stephens T. One Welfare in Practice: The Role of the Veterinarian. CRC Press; 2021. (ISBN: 9780367904067)
• Stephen, C. Animals, Health, and Society: Health Promotion, Harm Reduction, and Health Equity in a One Health World. CRC Press; 2020. (ISBN: 9780367336226)
• Krimins R.A. Learning from Disease in Pets: A ‘One Health’ Model for Discovery. CRC Press; 2020. (ISBN: 9780367173104)
• Myers S, Frumken H. Planetary Health: Protecting Nature to Protect Ourselves. Island Press; 2020. (ISBN: 9781610919661)
• Deem, S.L., Lane-deGraaf, K., and Rayhel, E. Introduction to One Health: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Planetary Health. Wiley-Blackwell; 2019. (ISBN: 9781119382850)
• Binot, A., Goutard, F.L., Keune, H., Buttigieg. S.C., Morand, S., Rüegg, S.R., Thys, S. Integrated Approaches to Health: Concepts and Experiences in Framing, Integration and Evaluation of One Health and EcoHealth. Frontiers Media SA; 2019. (ISBN: 9782889630868)
• Jensen-Jarolim E. Comparative Medicine: Disorders Linking Humans and Their Animals. Springer Science; 2017. (ISBN: 9783319470078)

Videos

• Meghan May and William Miller, Planetary Health: the Connections between Climate Change, Wildlife Ecology, and Tickborne Diseases, York Public Library, 2022.
• UW-Madison Global Health Institute, Global Health Tuesday: Connecting Climate Change, Infectious Diseases and Animal Health, 2022.
• Canadian Veterinary Medical Association (CVMA) National Issues Forum, Veterinarians as Leaders on Adaptation to Climate Change, 2021.
• American College of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Climate Change and Agriculture, 2021.
• American College of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Healthy Ecosystems – The Fulcrum of the One Health Triad, 2021.
• Angela Frimberger, Climate Change A Veterinary Problem, Vets for Climate Action, 2021.
• Various videos on climate change, sustainability practice, and animal welfare can be found at Vets for Climate Action YouTube channel.
• Gwen Griffith, Health Effects of Climate Change at the Human-Animal-Interface, University of California, 2012.

• AVMA Veterinary First Responder Certificate Program, targeted for veterinary and veterinary students. To receive the certificate of completion, participants must complete courses that satisfy the 8 core competencies. Price: $75
• American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Disasters: The impact on animal health response. Using a case example from Hurricane Maria’s impact on Puerto Rico, this course explores how natural disasters impact animal response. Price: $25
• AVMA, Disaster response: The role of veterinarians. Understand the various roles veterinarians can play in organizational and community response plans during a disaster and animal health emergency. Price: $25
• AVMA, Agriculture and human health. This course provides an introduction to the factors contributing to climate change, its potential risks to agriculture and global food security. Price: $30
• Coursera, Global Health at the Human-Animal-Ecosystem Interface. The University of Geneva, Institute Pasteur, University of Montreal and Centre Virchow-Villermé/University Paris Descartes: overview of relevant issues in the human-animal-environment interface and approaches such as One Health, Eco-Health and Planetary Health.
• Future Learn, Ecology and Wildlife Conservation. University of Leeds: overview of ecosystem and how they are affected by human activities and climate change. Price: $54 one-off payment.
• Future Learn, Using Systems Thinking to Tackle the Climate and Biodiversity Crisis. University of Reading: Introduction to systems thinking and how it can be used to approach climate and biodiversity crisis. Price: $54 one-off payment.
• WHO, Strengthening collaboration between human and animal health sectors for improved health security: provides insight into some of WHO’s work at the animal-human-environment interface and countries’ experiences.
• Federation of European Academies of Medicine (FEAM), One Health: Role in pandemic preparedness, prevention and response: provide basic knowledge and contextualization of One Health in creeping crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
• SDG Academy (EDx), SDGAcademyX: Sustainable Food Systems: A Mediterranean Perspective: provide an introduction to the challenges and opportunities of the agricultural sector in the Mediterranean basin.

General

• Palacios-Díaz, M. del, & Mendoza-Grimón, V. (2023). Environment in veterinary education. Veterinary Sciences, 10(2), 146. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020146
• Kiran, D., Sander, W. E., & Duncan, C. (2022). Empowering veterinarians to be planetary health stewards through policy and Practice. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.775411
• Pappaioanou, M., & Kane, T. R. (2022). Addressing the urgent health challenges of climate change and ecosystem degradation from a one health perspective: What can veterinarians contribute? Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.07.0315
• Stephen, C., & Soos, C. (2021). The implications of climate change for Veterinary Services. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 40(2), 421–430. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.40.2.3234
• Marcotty, T., Thys, E., Conrad, P., Godfroid, J., Craig, P., Zinsstag, J., Meheus, F., Boukary, A. R., Badé, M. A., Sahibi, H., Filali, H., Hendrickx, S., Pissang, C., Van Herp, M., van der Roost, D., Thys, S., Hendrickx, D., Claes, M., Demeulenaere, T., … Boelaert, M. (2013). Intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies: The Role of Research and Training Institutions. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 36(3), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2012.10.009

Animal welfare (including environmental impact towards animal health)

• Negrini, V., Maiorka, P. C., Kmetiuk, L. B., & Biondo, A. W. (2024). Brazil’s landmark change on one health, animal rights and protection. One Health, 19, 100847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100847
• Meletis, E., Jarynowski, A., Maksymowicz, S., Kostoulas, P., & Belik, V. (2024). Animal health discourse during ecological crises in the media—lessons learnt from the flood in Thessaly from the One Health Perspective. Veterinary Sciences, 11(4), 140. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11040140
• Tripovich, J., Wilson, B., McGreevy, P., & Quain, A. (2023). Incidence and risk factors of heat‐related illness in dogs from New South Wales, Australia (1997–2017). Australian Veterinary Journal, 101(12), 490–501. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13296
• Hall, E. J., Carter, A. J., Chico, G., Bradbury, J., Gentle, L. K., Barfield, D., & O’Neill, D. G. (2022). Risk factors for severe and fatal heat-related illness in UK dogs—a VetCompass study. Veterinary Sciences, 9(5), 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9050231
• Hillman, A., Sadler, R., Smith, M., Pfeiffer, C., Barwell, R., Lee, A., Fraser, C., Lau, J., & Cowled, B. (2022). Livestock exposure to bushfires and meat, offal and carcase quality: Is there an association? Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 207, 105655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105655
• Palestrini, C., Minozzi, G., Mazzola, S. M., Lopez, A., & Cannas, S. (2022). Do intense weather events influence dogs’ and cats’ behavior? analysis of owner reported data in Italy. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.973574
• Bautista-Garfias, C. R., Castañeda-Ramírez, G. S., Estrada-Reyes, Z. M., Soares, F. E., Ventura-Cordero, J., González-Pech, P. G., Morgan, E. R., Soria-Ruiz, J., López-Guillén, G., & Aguilar-Marcelino, L. (2022). A review of the impact of climate change on the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematode infections in small ruminants and wildlife in tropical conditions. Pathogens, 11(2), 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020148
• Bozzo, G., Corrente, M., Testa, G., Casalino, G., Dimuccio, M. M., Circella, E., Brescia, N., Barrasso, R., & Celentano, F. E. (2021). Animal Welfare, health and the fight against climate change: One solution for global objectives. Agriculture, 11(12), 1248. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121248
• Ali, M. Z., Carlile, G., & Giasuddin, M. (2020). Impact of global climate change on livestock health: Bangladesh perspective. Open Veterinary Journal, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i2.7
• Samy, A. M., & Peterson, A. T. (2016). Climate change influences on the global potential distribution of bluetongue virus. PLOS ONE, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150489
• Shields, S., & Orme-Evans, G. (2015). The impacts of climate change mitigation strategies on animal welfare. Animals, 5(2), 361–394. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani5020361
• Skuce, P. J., Morgan, E. R., van Dijk, J., & Mitchell, M. (2013). Animal health aspects of adaptation to climate change: Beating the heat and parasites in a warming Europe. Animal, 7, 333–345. https://doi.org/10.1017/s175173111300075x
• Laaksonen, S., Pusenius, J., Kumpula, J., Venäläinen, A., Kortet, R., Oksanen, A., & Hoberg, E. (2010). Climate change promotes the emergence of serious disease outbreaks of filarioid nematodes. EcoHealth, 7(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-010-0308-z
• Karvonen, A., Rintamäki, P., Jokela, J., & Valtonen, E. T. (2010). Increasing water temperature and disease risks in aquatic systems: Climate change increases the risk of some, but not all, diseases. International Journal for Parasitology, 40(13), 1483–1488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.04.015
• Wilson, A., & Mellor, P. (2008). Bluetongue in Europe: Vectors, epidemiology and climate change. Parasitology Research, 103(S1), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-008-1053-x

Food safety and security (including livestock and agriculture health)

• Adhikari, M., Longman, R. J., Giambelluca, T. W., Lee, C. N., & He, Y. (2022). Climate change impacts shifting landscape of the dairy industry in Hawai‘i. Translational Animal Science, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txac064
• Lean, I., & Moate, P. (2021). Cattle, climate and complexity: Food Security, quality and sustainability of the Australian Cattle Industries. Australian Veterinary Journal, 99(7), 293–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13072
• Godde, C. M., Mason-D’Croz, D., Mayberry, D. E., Thornton, P. K., & Herrero, M. (2021). Impacts of climate change on the Livestock Food Supply Chain; a review of the evidence. Global Food Security, 28, 100488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100488
• Faisal, M., Chunping, X., Abbas, A., Raza, M. H., Akhtar, S., Ajmal, M. A., & Ali, A. (2021). Do risk perceptions and constraints influence the adoption of climate change practices among small livestock herders in Punjab, Pakistan? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(32), 43777–43791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13771-3
• Goma, A. A., & Phillips, C. J. (2021). The impact of anthropogenic climate change on Egyptian livestock production. Animals, 11(11), 3127. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113127
• Gonzalez-Rivas, P. A., Chauhan, S. S., Ha, M., Fegan, N., Dunshea, F. R., & Warner, R. D. (2020). Effects of heat stress on animal physiology, metabolism, and Meat Quality: A Review. Meat Science, 162, 108025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108025
• Kelly, A. M., Galligan, D. T., Salman, M. D., & Osburn, B. I. (2020). The Epic Challenge of Global Food Security: A compelling mission for veterinary medicine. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 256(6), 643–645. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.256.6.643
• Cheng, R., Mantovani, A., & Frazzoli, C. (2017). Analysis of food safety and security challenges in emerging African food producing areas through a one health lens: The dairy chains in Mali. Journal of Food Protection, 80(1), 57–67. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-561
• Tirado, M. C., Clarke, R., Jaykus, L. A., McQuatters-Gollop, A., & Frank, J. M. (2010). Climate Change and Food Safety: A Review. Food Research International, 43(7), 1745–1765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2010.07.003

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health (Wildlife, Conservation, and Environmental Health)

• Shultz, L., López-Pérez, A. M., Jasuja, R., Helman, S., Prager, K., Tokuyama, A., Quinn, N., Bucklin, D., Rudd, J., Clifford, D., Brown, J., Riley, S., & Foley, J. (2023). Vector-borne disease in wild mammals impacted by urban expansion and climate change. EcoHealth, 20(3), 286–299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-023-01650-x
• Pepi, M., & Focardi, S. (2021). Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in aquaculture and climate change: A challenge for health in the Mediterranean Area. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115723
• Lim, Z. J., & Xie, S. (2021). Application of epidemiology and principles of Herd/Flock Health for the exotic animal veterinarian. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 24(3), 495–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvex.2021.04.001
• Baltensperger, A. P., & Huettmann, F. (2015). Predicted shifts in small mammal distributions and biodiversity in the altered future environment of Alaska: An open access data and Machine Learning Perspective. PLOS ONE, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132054
• Burek, K. A., Gulland, F. M., & O’Hara, T. M. (2008). Effects of climate change on Arctic Marine Mammal Health. Ecological Applications, 18(sp2). https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0553.1

Human Disease (Zoonosis, Bector-borne Disease, EID)

• Daoudi, M., Outammassine, A., Amane, M., Hafidi, M., Boussaa, S., & Boumezzough, A. (2022). Climate change influences on the potential distribution of the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti, vector of Leishmania tropica in Morocco. Acta Parasitologica, 67(2), 858–866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00533-5
• Charrahy, Z., Yaghoobi‐Ershadi, M. R., Shirzadi, M. R., Akhavan, A. A., Rassi, Y., Hosseini, S. Z., Webb, N. J., Haque, U., Bozorg Omid, F., & Hanafi‐Bojd, A. A. (2021). Climate change and its effect on the vulnerability to zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 69(3), 1506–1520. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14115
• Martin, G., Yanez-Arenas, C., Chen, C., Plowright, R. K., Webb, R. J., & Skerratt, L. F. (2018). Climate change could increase the geographic extent of hendra virus spillover risk. EcoHealth, 15(3), 509–525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-018-1322-9

Sustainability and Adaptation in Veterinary

• Kyriazakis, I., Arndt, C., Aubry, A., Charlier, J., Ezenwa, V. O., Godber, O. F., Krogh, M., Mostert, P. F., Orsel, K., Robinson, M. W., Ryan, F. S., Skuce, P. J., Takahashi, T., van Middelaar, C. E., Vigors, S., & Morgan, E. R. (2024). Improve animal health to reduce livestock emissions: Quantifying an open goal. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 291(2027). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.0675
• Higham, L. E., Halfacree, Z. J., Stonehewer, J., Black, D. H., Ravetz, G., Moran, D., Boden, L., & Oxtoby, C. (2023). Sustainability policies and practices at veterinary centres in the UK and Republic of Ireland. Veterinary Record, 193(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2998
• Watson, J. A., Klupiec, C., Bindloss, J., & Morin, M. (2023). The path to net zero carbon emissions for veterinary practice. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1240765
• Schiavone, S. C. M., Smith, S. M., Mazariegos, I., Salomon, M., Webb, T. L., Carpenter, M. J., Baumgarn, S., & Duncan, C. G. (2021). Environmental sustainability in veterinary medicine: An opportunity for teaching hospitals. Journal of Veterinary Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2020-0125
• Deluty, S. B., Scott, D. M., Waugh, S. C., Martin, V. K., McCaw, K. A., Rupert, J. R., Webb, T. L., Baumgarn, S. A., Carpenter, M. J., & Duncan, C. G. (2021). Client choice may provide an economic incentive for veterinary practices to invest in sustainable infrastructure and Climate Change Education. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.622199
• Mair, T. S., Janska, S., & Higham, L. E. (2021). Sustainability in equine veterinary practice: A survey of opinions and practices amongst veterinary teams in the United Kingdom. Equine Veterinary Education, 33(11). https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.13565

Technical and Organizational Documents

• Pollard AE, et al. Preparing Veterinarians to Address the Health Impacts of Climate Change: Student Perceptions, Knowledge Gaps, and Opportunities. (2021) J Vet Med Educ. 
• Climate change impacts and adaptation on Australian farms. (2021). Australia Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry.
• Climate Facts for Vets: Climate Change is an Animal Health and Welfare Issue. (2021). Vets for Climate Action.
• Van Eeden, L. M., Nimmo, D., Mahony, M., Herman, K., Ehmke, G., Driessen, J., O'Connor, J., Bino, G., Taylor, M., & Dickman, C. (2020). Impacts of the unprecedented 2019-2020 bushfires on Australian animals. World Wildlife Fund.
• The impact of climate change on the welfare of animals in Australia. (2020). RSPCA Australia.
• Animal Health and Climate Change. (2020). FAO.
• Veterinary Services in a changing world: climate change and other external factors. (2018). World Organisation for Animal Health.